Fastener



F. S. CARR FASTENER Filed Nov. 18

Dec 16, 1924-.

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Patented Dec. 16, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRED S. CARE, OF NEWTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CARR FASTENEB GOI- PAINY, OF CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION 01 Km.

PASTE-HEB.

Application filed November 18, 1922. Serial No; 601,830.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRED S. CARR, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Newton, in the County of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Fasteners, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention pertains to improvements in fasteners of the three-side lock type wherein separation of stud and socket may be readily eflected by relative tipping movement at one side while such separation cannot be effected by relative tipping movement at the other three sides.

In the drawings, wl1ich show a preferred form of one embodiment of my invention Figure 1 is a front elevation of a fastener socket secured to its carrying fabric;

Fig. 2 is a rear elevation of the fastener socket secured to its carrying fabric, with the stud entered therein;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1, showing the socket in section and the stud entered therein in elevation;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of a preferred form of socket-securing means prior to assembly thereof with the other portions of the socket;

Fig. 5 is a section showin the engagement of a securing prong on t e socket with the socket-securing means shown in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 4:, being partly in elevation;

Fig. 7 is a front view of the socket casing with the spring contained therein prior to application thereto of a socket closure plate; an

Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the preferred form of socket closure plate.

Three-side lock fastenersare very largely used for fastening the curtains of motor vehicles, the stud usually being carried by the body of the vehicle and the socket by the curtain. It is highly desirable that the stud be as short as practicable, not only for the sake of the appearance, but so that the likelihood of tearing clothin etc., by catching thereon will be reduce or eliminated. By the present invention, I am enabled greatly to reduce the length of the stud while providing ease of separation by relative tipping movement between stud and socket in the desired direction and while providing that certainty of lock against varied strains arising from whipping of the curtain in the wind and the like.

Referring to the drawings and to the preferred form of my invention selected for illustrative purposes, I have shown a stud in cluding a head 9, a neck 10, and shank portion 11 secured to a body 12 of a motor vehicle or the like. The preferred form of socket illustrated includes a casing 13 presenting an inclined jaw 14. at that side of the stud wheretipping of the socket may be effected to separate the socket from the stud. This jaw l-is adapted to enter the neck 10 of the stud and to be held therein by spring means herein shown as plural and taking the form of the opposed resiliently movable jaws 15, 16, which may be formed at opposite ends of a single piece ofwire. The jaws l5, 16 are preferably, as illustrated, so arranged as to exert a squeezing action on the neck-of the stud and to urge the same toward-Ethe inclined fixed jaw 14. Where the spring jaws are formed in the general manner illustrated, an outward pull on the fabric below the socket, as viewed in Fig. 3, will cause the inclined fixed jaw 14 to ride down the shoulder between the head 9 of the stud and the neck 10. During this same tipping movement, the opposed jaws 15, 16 are somewhat spread apart by the resolution of ,forces tending to move the socket in a downward directionfwhile the stud remains stationary, and are further moved apart by wedging action of the sides of the head of the stud against those portions of the jaws which are located at the sides of the stud as distinguished from the top thereof.

By reason of the foregoing, an exceedingly short stud may be used while leaving the separating movement facile. Any strain in an outward direction on the top of the socket cannot separate the socket from the stud because the jaws are firmly seated in the neck of the stud and further because any such undesired tipping movement cannot continueto any considerable extent because of the fixed jaw 14 entefled in the neck of the stud and because the socket is preferably in relatively close adjacency to the shank 11 of the stud, a sufficient clearance being pro vided at 17 in the socket in the opposite side to permit desired tipping movement.

In the preferred form of my invention ilthe opposite side,

lustrated, the socket casing is carried on that side of the curtain fabric 18 from which the stud enters, so that the stud need not be le hened to rovide for passage of the stu through t e curtain material into a casin on the opposite side thereof from that on w ich the stud is located. The casing 13 may be composed of two pieces as illustrated, one presenting a recess for reception of the spring portion and the other forming a closure to retain the spring, to provide a bearing surface against the curtain 18 and to provide the inclined fixed jaw 14. Prongs 19 extending from the recessed portion of the casing may pass through the fabric and be clenched in a suitable securing element on casin 20 enclosing the anvil 21' and the clenc plate 22.

Considerable difliculty has been experienced in providing a three-side lock fastener having a relatively short stud inwhich whiping of the curtain carrying the socket would not result in undesired separation of stud and socket, this usually being produced by the resolution of forces attendant to an up ward movement of the upper portion of the socket with a consequent fulcruming of the socket on the stud and a resultant outward movement of the lower portion of the stud. In the preferred form. of fastener illustrated, such whipping cannot separate the stud from the socket due to a. variety of reasons, among which may be mentioned the inability of the spring jaws 15, 16 to be wedged apart by force directed as indicated above without the resolution of forces drawing the fixed jaw 14 very firmly into the neck behind the head of the stud.

While I have shown and described a preferred form of my invention, it will be understood that considerable changes may be made Without departing from the scope of my invention, which is best defined in the following claims.

Claims:

1. A three-sided lock fastener comprising,

this being typified by the I in combination, a stud presentinga head and a neck, a socket presenting a casing, a fixed neck-entering jaw, and plural resilient jaws urging said stud toward said fixed neck entering jaw, said head presenting a rearwardly facing shoulder "against which said resilient jaws and said neck-entering jaw abut when stud and socket are engaged, the engagement of said fixed jaw and said shoulder presenting a substantial relative inclination and theengagement between said plural resilient jaws and said shoulder presenting no substantial relative inclination whereby said stud and socket are separable only by relative tipping movement at the side presenting said fixed jaw. I

2. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a stud presenting a head and a neck, a socket presenting a casing, a camlike inclined fixed jaw and plural resilient jaws urging said stud toward said fixedjaw, said stud and socket separable only by relative tipping movement at the side presenting said fixed jaw.

8. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a stud presenting a head and a neck presenting an abrupt shoulder between them, a socket presenting a casing, a cam-like inclined fixed jaw, and plural resilient jaws, urging said stud toward said fixed jaw, said stud and socket separable only by relative tipping movement at the side presenting said fixed jaw.

4. A three-side lock fastener comprising, in combination, a stud presenting a head and a neck, a socket presenting a. casing, a. cam-like inclined fixed jaw, andrplural resilient jaws embracing the sidesof said stud and presenting inclined portions urging said stud toward said fixed jaw, said stud and socket separable only by relative tipping I movement at the side presenting said fixed aw.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

FRED S. CARR. 

